DESCRIPTIVE

A.Pengertian
Teks descriptive adalah jenis teks yang menggambarkan fenomena tertentu, seperti : manusia, hewan, tumbuhan atau benda.

B. Kebahasaan
1. Simple present
2. Jenis kata yang dimuat dalam predikat: noun, adjective, verb, to be

C. Langkah Retorika
1. Identification: pengenalan terhadap subject (fenomena)
2. Description: gambaran atau ciri fisik subject(fenomena)

Descriptive is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing. Jenis teks ini untuk menggambarkan seseorang, atau sesuatu, .
Orientation Memperkenalkan pada para pembaca atau member latar cerita awal mula suatu kejadian, serta menginformasikan tentang waktu dan tempat.
Reorientation member syarat bahwa cerita sudah tamat atau ungkapan penutup / akhir suatu cerita
Complication Menggambarkan masalah/krisis yang meningkat
Description bagian teks yang menggambarkan hal / benda yang diulas, biasanya menggambarkan bagian-bagian yang dimiliki benda tersebut seperti fungsi, keadaan, kualitas, perilaku, atau kebiasaan.

The Definisi and Tujuan Descriptive Text
bagian teks yang menggambarkan hal / benda yang diulas, biasanya menggambarkan bagian-bagian yang dimiliki benda tersebut seperti fungsi, keadaan, kualitas, perilaku, atau kebiasaan.
Tujuan Komunikatif Teks (Communicative Purpose)
Mendeskripsikan (menggambarkan) ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu.
Struktur Teks (Text Structure)
Pengenalan subjek
Ciri-ciri subjek, misalnya tampilan fisik, kualitas, prilaku umum, sifat-sifat.
Ciri kebahasaan menggunakan:
Nouns tertentu misalnya teacher, house, my cat, dsb.
Simple present tense
Detiled noun phrase untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya It was a large open rowboat, a sweet young lady, dsb.
Adjectives, yang bersifat describing, numbering classifying, misalnya, two strong legs, sharp white fang, dsb.
Relating verbs untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya, My mum is realy cool, It has very tick fur, dsb.
Thinking verbs dan feeling verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis tentang subjek, misalnya Police belive the suspect is armed, I think it is the clever animal, dsb.
Action verbs, misalnya Our new puppy bites our shoes, dsb.
Adverbials untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang perilaku tersebut, misal fast at the tree house,dsb.
Bahasa figurative, seperti simile, metafor. Misalnya John is white as chalk, sat tigh, dsb.


Goal: Descriptive writing vividly portrays a person, place, or thing in such a way that the reader can visualize the topic and enter into the writer’s experience.
Characteristics: The general characteristics of descriptive writing include:
• elaborate use of sensory language
• rich, vivid, and lively detail
• figurative language such as simile, hyperbole, metaphor, symbolism and personification
• showing, rather than telling through the use of active verbs and precise modifiers
Uses: Descriptive writing appears almost everywhere and is often included in other genre, such as in a descriptive introduction of a character in a narrative.
Exercises: • Observe, and then describe an event.
• Think of a person or object that stands out in your memory. Write a description of that subject.
• Find an example of descriptive writing; explain the elements that make this a good example.
Additional
Internet sites: A Lesson Plan: Writing to Photography
This lesson's goal is to improve students' writing by incorporating photography into descriptive and narrative writing exercises.
Description Paragraph
Access a one-page article that offers tips on adding descriptive words.
Descriptive Writing with Virginia Hamilton
Maintained on Scholastic's website, this online tutorial includes a teacher's guide and student resources for teaching this genre.
Descriptive Writing Resources
Visit this list for additional resources gathered by the Web English Teacher.



Contoh Teks Descriptive



Subjek

Deskripsi


MacQuarie University

MacQuarie is one of the largest unuversities in Australia. This year, in 2004, it celebrates its 40th anniversary.
The university is located at the North Ride Greenbelt, Sydney, where the New South Wales government sets aside 135 hectars for the institution. In 1964, MacQuarie area was a rural retreat on the city fringe, but today the campus and its surrondings have evolved beyond recognition.The white pelican is one of the most succesful fish eating birds. North Ride District has growen into a district of intensive occupatian anchored by a vibrant and growing university.
One of the highlights of the landsape is the Mars Creek zone. It comprises landscaped creek sides and valley floor, a gress amphitheatre,andartificial lake surounded by rock and pebbels, native plants and eucalypts.


Example of Descriptive text
Bandengan Beach

Bandengan Beach or Tirta Samudra Beach is the famous beach in jepara. the place is very beautiful and romantic. people around Jepara, Kudus, Demak knows this place.

This place is located 7 kilometers north of Jepara city center. The way to get there is very easy. Just follow the traffic sign and you will find it. From the town square, follow the road to Bangsri then turn left when reached kuwasen village. You can take public transportation or by your own vehicle.

The white sandy beach which has pure water is good for swimming. The beach is save enough for swimming because the beach is shallow and the wave is not so big. This place is more beautiful at dusk. We can see the beautiful sunset with our family or friends.

In this location, we can sit and relax on the shelter while enjoy the natural beach breezy wind. It also has large pandan tree field. It is suitable for youngster activities such as camping.

If we want to sail, we can rent the traditional boat owned by local people. We can make voyage around the beach or we can go to pulau panjang (panjang island). Some time we can find banana boat and jet ski for rent.

In this place we can find many traditional footstalls. We can order traditional foods sold by the trader such as roasted fish, crab, boiled shell. Pindang srani is one of the delicious food enjoyed by the visitors.

come to the bandengan beach and you will find a paradise on the tips of Muria peninsula.




Prambanan Temple
Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple compound in Central Java in Indonesia, located approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta.
The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the largest Hindu temples in south-east Asia. It is characterised by its tall and pointed architecture, typical of Hindu temple architecture, and by the 47m high central building inside a large complex of individual temples.
It was built around 850 CE by either Rakai Pikatan, king of the second Mataram dynasty, or Balitung Maha Sambu, during the Sanjaya Dynasty. Not long after its construction, the temple was abandoned and began to deteriorate. Reconstruction of the compound began in 1918. The main building was completed in around 1953. Much of the original stonework has been stolen and reused at remote construction sites. A temple will only be rebuilt if at least 75% of the original stones are available, and therefore only the foundation walls of most of the smaller shrines are now visible and with no plans for their reconstruction.
The temple was damaged during the earthquake in Java in 2006. Early photos suggest that although the complex appears to be structurally intact, damage is significant. Large pieces of debris, including carvings, were scattered over the ground. The temple has been closed to the public until damage can be fully assessed. The head of Yogyakarta Archaeological Conservation Agency stated that: “it will take months to identify the precise damage”. However, some weeks later in 2006 the site re-opened for visitors. The immediate surroundings of the Hindu temples remain off-limits for safety reasons.
We get the purpose from the text above that description is used in all forms of writing to create a vivid impression of a person, place, object or event e.g. to: •
• Describe a special place and explain why it is special.
• Describe the most important person in your live.
• Describe the animal’s habit in your report.
Descriptive writing or text is usually also used to help writer develop an aspect of their work, e.g. to create a particular mood, atmosphere or describe a place so that the reader can create vivid pictures of characters, places, objects etc. To complete our intention to, here are the characteristics based on descriptive writing or text, below;


As a feature, description is a style of writing which can be useful for other variety of purposes as:
• To engage a reader’s attention
• To create characters
• To set a mood or create an atmosphere
• To being writing to life
While in language function, descriptive writing;
• Aims to show rather than tell the reader what something/someone is like
• Relies on precisely chosen vocabulary with carefully chosen adjectives and adverbs.
• Is focused and concentrates only on the aspects that add something to the main purpose of the description.
• Sensory description-what is heard, seen, smelt, felt, tasted.Precise use of adjectives, similes, metaphors to create images/pictures in the mind e.g. their noses were met with the acrid smell of rotting flesh.
• Strong development of the experience that “put the reader there” focuses on key details, powerful verbs and precise nouns.
Beyond the characteristics stated on, descriptive writing also consists of generic structure in range as:
1. General statement
2. Explanation
3. Closing



The description text has dominant language features as follows:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verbs
3. Using passive voice
4. Using noun phrase
5. Using adverbial phrase
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using conjunction of time and cause-ef
Exercise 1 DESCRIPTIVE :

My Pet
I have a pet. It is a dog and I call it Brownie.
Brownie is a Chinese breed. It is small, fluffy, and cute. It has got thick brown fur. When I cuddle it, the fur feels soft. Brownie does not like bones. Every day it eats soft food like steamed rice, fish or bread. Every morning I give her milk and bread. When I am at school, Brownie plays with my cat. They get along well, and never fight maybe because Brownies does not bark a lot. It treats the other animals in our house gently, and it never eats shoes. Brownie is really a sweet and friendly animal.

1.What type of text is used by the writer?
A. Report
B. Recount
C. Narrative
D. News item
E. Descriptive

2.The communicative purpose if this text is....
A. to describe a particular animal
B. to share an amusing incident with others
C. to present two points of view about an issue
D. to inform the reads about the beauty of Brownie
E. to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining

Keyword:
1.E
2.A


LINGKING VERB.

Verbs are what you do, but some verbs do not describe an action. Certain verbs connect one part of a sentence to another. These are helping verbs (verbs that help to clarify a main verb) and linking verbs. Discover the meaning of linking verbs and how to use them here.

Function
1.The linking verb in this sentence is "is."
Imagine a chain necklace made up of many links. If you remove just one link, it will no longer be a necklace; it will just be a chain. Now think of a sentence as a necklace. Each part of the sentence can be considered a link that, when put together well, makes one complete sentence. A sentence does not need an action verb to become a complete sentence. A linking verb completes a sentence when an action verb is not used.